親の仕事からの帰宅時間と小学1年生の精神的健康(Front Pediatr 2018)

Parental Time of Returning Home From Work and Child Mental Health Among First-Year Primary School Students in Japan: Result From A-CHILD Study.

Kizuki M et al. Front Pediatr 2018

両親の帰宅時間とその子どもの精神的健康について直接調べた研究は少ない。
Kizuki氏らは、東京都足立区の学校調査データを用いて、親の仕事からの帰宅時間と子どもの精神的健康との関連を分析し、
帰宅時間が両親とも遅いまたは不定の場合、子どもの精神的健康に悪影響があること、その関連に親子のかかわりの頻度の低下の関連が示唆されることを示しました。
研究結果は Front Pediatr 誌に発表されました。

 

研究は、東京都足立区が実施した「第1回子どもの健康・生活実態調査」より、2987人のデータを分析したものです。
両親の帰宅時間の「子どもの強さと困難さアンケート(SDQ)」結果への影響について、多重回帰分析で評価しました。
両親とも帰宅時間が遅い(母親6時以降、父親8時以降と定義)または不定の子どもは、両親とも早い子どもに比較して、
問題行動スコア(回帰係数:1.20、95%信頼区間:0.55-1.85)、
行為の問題スコア(回帰係数:0.37、95%信頼区間:0.13-0.60)、
多動/不注意スコア(回帰係数:0.53、95%信頼区間:0.24-0.82)が有意に高かった。
媒介分析の結果、親子のかかわりの頻度の低下が、帰宅時間が遅さと
問題行動の関連の20%(95%信頼区間:10-46)、
行為の問題の関連の17%(95%信頼区間:7-49)、
多動/不注意の23%(95%信頼区間:11-52)を説明していることが示された。

研究の詳細はこちら

 

Abstract
Introduction: Child mental health is known to be influenced by parental work hours. Although literature suggests that parent-child interaction mediates the association, few studies have directly measured the parental time of returning home from work. We analyzed data from a school-based survey to examine the association between parental time of returning home from work and child mental health.
Methods: We used a sample of 2,987 first-year primary school students derived from the Adachi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty (A-CHILD) study that examined the impact of family environment and lifestyle on child health in Adachi City, Tokyo, Japan. We analyzed the associations between reported parental time of returning home and the continuous Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) scores using multivariable regression modeling.
Results: Children whose parents both returned home late (later than 6 p.m. for the mother and later than 8 p.m. for the father), or at irregular times, had higher scores in total difficulties (β = 1.20, 95% CI: 0.55 to 1.85), the “conduct problems” subscale (β = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.60), and the hyperactivity/inattention subscale (β = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.24 to 0.82) compared with children whose parents both returned home earlier. Mediation analyses indicated that the percentage of the total association between parental time of returning home and the SDQ scores, which was mediated by parent-child interaction, was 20% (95% CI: 10 to 46) for total difficulties, 17% (95% CI: 7 to 49) for conduct problems, and 23% (95% CI: 11 to 52) for hyperactivity/inattention.
Conclusions: Late or irregular returning home times for both parents had an adverse effect on child mental health, and the relationship was partly mediated by reduced frequency of parent-child interaction.